Yamamoto Nutrition Vitalyn POWDER is a dietary supplement powder made from 100% Vitargo, a complex carbohydrate with a high molecular weight (amylopectin from barley starch). Vitalyn POWDER contains Vitargo, a patented carbohydrate with a high molecular weight. It has an average molecular weight of 500,000-700,000. It is one of a kind because it has been specifically designed with a molecular profile that differs greatly from the sugars (such as glucose and fructose) and maltodextrin used in many products. The molecular weight of maltodextrin is about 1,000-10,000, while dextrose is around 180! Vitargo is a complex carbohydrate (a starch) patented by the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, and designed to be absorbed by the body in order to provide a balanced and long-lasting rise in blood glucose levels. Vitargo allows the user to compensate for the loss of muscle glycogen during intense and prolonged exercise. Its use, therefore, is particularly important in situations where an athlete has to recover from a prolonged effort in time for the next day, such as in stage races. The synthesis of muscle glycogen from ingested carbohydrates depends on glucose being transported through the intestinal mucosa and through the membranes of the muscle cells and enzymes responsible for phosphorylation and glycogen synthesis. Blood glucose levels are influenced by the flow of glucose coming from the stomach, through the intestine and directly into the blood. It has been demonstrated that the osmolarity of an ingested solution can affect the rate at which the stomach empties. A high level of osmolarity may therefore delay the emptying of the stomach, which could delay the release of glucose from the intestine. With Vitalyn POWDER, you get the benefits of a drink rich in carbohydrates, but with very low osmolarity! Vitalyn POWDER is recommended for physically active adults who have participated in intense and prolonged physical exercise. Carbohydrates contribute to the recovery of normal muscle function (contraction) after intense and/or prolonged exercise which has caused muscle fatigue and the depletion of glycogen stores in skeletal muscle (the beneficial effect can be obtained via the consumption of carbohydrates from all sources with a total weight of 4g per kg of body weight, with an intake in doses starting within the first 4 hours of intense and/or prolonged exercise causing muscle fatigue and the depletion of glycogen stores in skeletal muscle, and ending no later than 6 hours after this exercise).